ABSTRACT
@#Objective To analyze the outcomes of surgical repair for mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). Methods Between 2006 and 2018, a total of 51 patients with mixed TAPVC underwent surgery in our hospital. Patients with such associated anomalies as single ventricle and tetralogy of Fallot were excluded. There were 35 males and 16 females with a median age of 102.0 (59.0, 181.0) days and a median weight of 5.0 (4.1, 6.4) kg. Patients were divided into three categories based on the anatomy: "3+1" pattern (n=38, three pulmonary veins drained at one site, and the other drained at the opposite site); "2+2" pattern (n=9, the pulmonary veins from each lung joined to form a confluence and drained at separate sites); bizarre pattern (n=4, the anatomy could not be classified into the above two patterns). Results There was no in-hospital death. The median follow-up was 41.0 (18.0, 86.5) months. Postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction occurred in 10 patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed no statistically significant difference in postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction among the three groups (P=0.239). Cox risk regression showed that preoperative pulmonary venous obstruction was significantly associated with postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (P=0.024). Conclusion Mixed TAPVC has various anatomic morphologies and requires individualized surgery.